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TEX 二井原

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TEX 二井原(てっくすにいはら) / 英語講師

英語パーソナルジム HIET(ヒート)/ High Intensity English Training

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英文法5分ドリル《 ゴールデン動詞フレーズ 》⑨

2024年6月21日

テーマ:大学入試・TOEIC・英検

コラムカテゴリ:スクール・習い事


本記事は独学・国内学習による
英検1級保持者が書きました。

《 ゴールデン動詞フレーズ 100人組手 》⑧

⑴ I (   ) I had studied English harder while young.
  ① want      
  ② wish      
  ③ hope      
  ④ long

空所の後に完全な文構造が成立。
that 節の thatが省略。
① want はthat節をとれない。
④ longは「Aを望む」の場合
<long to A>
<long for A>
の形で用いる。
③ hope that 節実現可能なことを望むときに用いる。
② wish that節は実現不可能なことをと言うときに用い,
that 節内の動詞表現は仮定法過去(過去完了)の形になる。
以上から正解は②。
次の動詞は選択肢でよく並べられる。
(a) that 節が取れる
(b) SVO to do の語法が取れる
の2つの観点から整理しておくとよい。
 ✰ want (a) × (b) 〇
 ✰ hope (a) × (b) 〇
 ✰ think (a) 〇 (b) ×
 ✰ expect (a) 〇 (b) 〇
 ✰ tell   (a) ×  (b) 〇
 ✰ say   (a) 〇 (b) ×
She wants him to succeed.
She wants that he succeeds.
He expects them to arrive late.
He expects that they will arrive late.
She told me to call her later.
She told me she would call later.
He said that he was tired.
⑴ 正解 ②
「若い頃,もっと熱心に英語を勉強しておけばよかった」
I wish I had studied English harder while young.
I regret not having studied English more diligently in my youth.
If only I had put more effort into studying English when I was younger.
I desire to have dedicated more time to learning English during my youth.
I lament not focusing more on English during my younger years.
It would have been better if I had applied myself more to learning English earlier in life.
I feel a sense of longing to have studied English more effectively during my youth.






⑵ I hope (   ) pass the entrance examination.
  ① Jane to    
  ② for Jane    
  ③ Jane    
  ④ for Jane to

hope は主語の願望が自分で「~することを望む」場合,
hope to do の形で用いる。
主語の願望がほかの人が「~すること」である場合
hope for (他の人) to do
の形となる。
ここは「ジェーンが入試に受かる」ことを
私が望んでいるという意味にするため④が正解。
⑵ 正解 ④
「ジェーンが入試に受かることを願っています」
I hope for Jane to pass the entrance examination.
My wish is for Jane to succeed in the entrance examination.
I am hopeful that Jane will pass the entrance examination.
I anticipate Jane's success in the entrance examination.
I am optimistic about Jane's chances of passing the entrance examination.
I look forward to Jane's successful completion of the entrance examination.
I am rooting for Jane to do well in the entrance examination.








⑶ This printer wants (   ).
   ① repaired   
   ② to repair    
   ③ repairing  
   ④ repairable

want は後に動名詞を従えた場合に
能動形で受動の意味を表す。
S want doing「Sは~される必要がある」
③が正解だが,repairを動詞ではなく名詞ととって
 This printer want repair.
とも言える。
⑶ 正解 ③
「このプリンターは修理する必要がある」
This printer wants repairing.
This printer needs to be repaired.
This printer requires maintenance.
Repairing this printer is necessary.
This printer is in need of repair.
This printer is seeking attention for repair.
There is a demand for repairing this printer.







⑷ She (   ) me that she had been to America.
   ① spoke    
   ② talked    
   ③ said    
   ④ told

類語問題で「言う」を表す動詞が並べられた場合は
ニュアンスではなく語法が焦点になる。
tell, sayは基本的に他動詞。
speak, talkは自動詞。
目的語を2つとれるのはtellのみである。
ここではまずspoke, talked は that節をとれないので消去。
③はsay+to+人の形をとるのでsaid meとは言えないので不可。
④ toldのみ SV+人+that節 の語法をとる。
なお,ここでは時制の一致から tha t節が
過去完了形になっている。
⑷ 正解 ④
「彼女はアメリカへ行ったことがあると私に言った」
She told me that she had been to America.
◆『言う』
 ✰ tell + O + O
 ✰ tell + O + to do
 ✰ tell + O + that-節(wh-節)
 ✰ say + O(話した内容)
 ✰ say, ”....”
 ✰ say that S V
 ✰ speak to ... /with ...
 ✰ speak +言語/言葉/意見
 ✰ talk to ... /with ...
 ✰ talk O into doing(話をして~してもらう)
 ✰ talk O out of doing(話をして~するのをやめさせる)
He told his friend a secret.
彼は友達に秘密を告げました。
She told him to leave.
彼女は彼に出て行くように言いました。
They told us that they were coming.
彼らは私たちに彼らが来ると言いました。
She said "hello".
彼女は「こんにちは」と言いました。
He said, "I am busy."
彼は「忙しい」と言いました。
She said that she was happy.
彼女は自分が幸せだと言いました。
He spoke to the manager.
彼はマネージャーに話しました。
She speaks English fluently.
彼女は流暢に英語を話します。
They talked with their teacher.
彼らは先生と話しました。
She talked him into going to the party.
彼女は彼をパーティーに行くように説得しました。
He talked her out of quitting her job.
彼は彼女に仕事を辞めるのをやめるよう説得しました。
⑷ 正解 ④
「彼女はアメリカへ行ったことがあると私に言った」
She told me that she had been to America.
She informed me of her visit to America.
She conveyed to me that she had traveled to America.
She disclosed to me that she had been in America.
She shared with me her experience of being in America.
She revealed to me that she had visited America.
She narrated to me her trip to America.









⑸ The farmers (   ) upon him as their leader.
   ① saw      
   ② talked      
   ③ treated      
   ④ looked

認識を表す動詞は〈V+A as B〉の語法で
「AをBと見なす,認識する」の意味を表す。
以下、類例列挙。
She considered him as a friend.
彼女は友達として彼を考えた。
He treated the stray cat as his own pet.
彼は野良猫を自分のペットとして扱った。
They view the project as a great opportunity.
彼らはプロジェクトを大きなチャンスと見なした。
She described the painting as a masterpiece.
彼女は絵を傑作と説明した。
He regarded the situation as serious.
彼は状況を深刻だと見なした。
They recognized her as a talented singer.
彼らは彼女を才能のある歌手と認識した。
She acknowledged the child as her own.
彼女はその子供を自分の子供と認めた。
He identified the suspect as the robber.
彼は犯人としてその容疑者を特定した。
They classified the plant as a perennial.
彼らはその植物を多年生と分類した。
She categorized the book as a science fiction novel.
彼女はその本をSF小説とカテゴライズした。
⑸ 正解 ④
「農民は彼をリーダーと見なした」
The farmers looked upon him as their leader.
The farmers regarded him as their leader.
The farmers saw him as their leader.
He was considered the leader by the farmers.
The farmers viewed him as their guiding figure.
He was acknowledged as the leader by the farmers.
The farmers held him in esteem as their leader.







⑹ He (   ) himself as a company president.
   ① speaks    
   ② describes    
   ③ refers    
   ④ calls

speak, referは自動詞なので①③を消去。
callは「OをCと呼ぶ」の意味を表すことができるが,
その場合S call O Cの語法となり,
Cの前にasが入らないため失格。
⑹ 正解 ②
「彼は自分を社長だと言っている」
He describes himself as a company president.
He characterizes himself as a company president.
He identifies himself as a company president.
He presents himself as a company president.
He portrays himself as a company president.
He labels himself as a company president.
He defines himself as a company president.







⑺ Please remind (   ) the meeting for tomorrow.
   ① her of     
   ② her to     
   ③ to her     
   ④ of her

remindは「AにBを思い出させる」の場合,
<remind A of B> の語法をとりAには〈人〉がくる。
⑺ 正解 ①
「彼女に明日の会議のことをもう一度言ってください」
Please remind her of the meeting for tomorrow.
Kindly jog her memory about the meeting scheduled for tomorrow.
Can you ensure she remembers the meeting for tomorrow?
I'd appreciate it if you could prompt her about tomorrow's meeting.
Would you mind giving her a heads-up about the meeting tomorrow?
It would be helpful if you could remind her about the meeting planned for tomorrow.
Could you kindly alert her to the meeting scheduled for tomorrow?






⑻ He (   ) illegal action.
   ① accused   
   ② was accused of   
   ③ accused of    
   ④ was accused

accuse A of B「AをBで攻める」
Aには「人」Bには事柄がくる。
目的語は必ず「人」なので①は不可。
目的語が無い③もダメ。
②④はいずれも受動形だが,
〈V A of B〉の受動形は
<A be done of B> なので②が正解。
⑻ 正解 ②
「彼は不法行為で告発された」
He was accused of illegal action.
Allegations were made against him for engaging in illegal activities.
He faced accusations of committing unlawful deeds.
Charges were brought against him for his involvement in illegal actions.
He was blamed for engaging in illegal behavior.
Accusations of illegal conduct were directed at him.
He was indicted for his involvement in illegal activities.







⑼ She was firmly convinced (   ).
   ① of his guilt     
   ② of his guilty    
   ③ that he was guilt 
   ④ his guilt

<convince A of B> の受動態
くA is convinced of B>
「AはBを確信する」
of が落ちている④は不可。
convince は that節をとる。
be動詞のあとに guilt という名詞がきて,
ここでは guilty「罪を犯した」
という形容詞が必要なので③も不可。
of の後に guilty という形容詞がきている②もダメ。
名詞 guilt が of の後にくる①が正解。
⑼ 正解 ③
「彼女は彼の有罪を固く信じている」
She was firmly convinced of his guilt.
She held a strong belief in his guilt.
Her conviction regarding his guilt was unwavering.
She was firmly persuaded of his culpability.
She had a steadfast belief in his wrongdoing.
Her certainty about his guilt was resolute.
She harbored no doubt regarding his culpability.


基本英文アウトプット


「若い頃,もっと熱心に英語を勉強しておけばよかった」

I wish I had studied English harder while young.
I regret not having studied English more diligently in my youth.
If only I had put more effort into studying English when I was younger.
I desire to have dedicated more time to learning English during my youth.
I lament not focusing more on English during my younger years.
It would have been better if I had applied myself more to learning English earlier in life.
I feel a sense of longing to have studied English more effectively during my youth.





「ジェーンが入試に受かることを願っています」

I hope for Jane to pass the entrance examination.
My wish is for Jane to succeed in the entrance examination.
I am hopeful that Jane will pass the entrance examination.
I anticipate Jane's success in the entrance examination.
I am optimistic about Jane's chances of passing the entrance examination.
I look forward to Jane's successful completion of the entrance examination.
I am rooting for Jane to do well in the entrance examination.






「このプリンターは修理する必要がある」

This printer wants repairing.
This printer needs to be repaired.
This printer requires maintenance.
Repairing this printer is necessary.
This printer is in need of repair.
This printer is seeking attention for repair.
There is a demand for repairing this printer.





「彼女はアメリカへ行ったことがあると私に言った」

She told me that she had been to America.
She informed me of her visit to America.
She conveyed to me that she had traveled to America.
She disclosed to me that she had been in America.
She shared with me her experience of being in America.
She revealed to me that she had visited America.
She narrated to me her trip to America.






「農民は彼をリーダーと見なした」

The farmers looked upon him as their leader.
The farmers regarded him as their leader.
The farmers saw him as their leader.
He was considered the leader by the farmers.
The farmers viewed him as their guiding figure.
He was acknowledged as the leader by the farmers.
The farmers held him in esteem as their leader.





「彼は自分を社長だと言っている」

He describes himself as a company president.
He characterizes himself as a company president.
He identifies himself as a company president.
He presents himself as a company president.
He portrays himself as a company president.
He labels himself as a company president.
He defines himself as a company president.





「彼女に明日の会議のことをもう一度言ってください」

Please remind her of the meeting for tomorrow.
Kindly jog her memory about the meeting scheduled for tomorrow.
Can you ensure she remembers the meeting for tomorrow?
I'd appreciate it if you could prompt her about tomorrow's meeting.
Would you mind giving her a heads-up about the meeting tomorrow?
It would be helpful if you could remind her about the meeting planned for tomorrow.
Could you kindly alert her to the meeting scheduled for tomorrow?






「彼は不法行為で告発された」

He was accused of illegal action.
Allegations were made against him for engaging in illegal activities.
He faced accusations of committing unlawful deeds.
Charges were brought against him for his involvement in illegal actions.
He was blamed for engaging in illegal behavior.
Accusations of illegal conduct were directed at him.
He was indicted for his involvement in illegal activities.







「彼女は彼の有罪を固く信じている」

She was firmly convinced of his guilt.
She held a strong belief in his guilt.
Her conviction regarding his guilt was unwavering.
She was firmly persuaded of his culpability.
She had a steadfast belief in his wrongdoing.
Her certainty about his guilt was resolute.
She harbored no doubt regarding his culpability.




◆ 著作権は本記事作成者に帰属します。
 本記事の無断流用、転記を禁じます。
今後も英語学習に関わる記事を発信していきます。
   

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TEX 二井原

英検1級取得者によるオンライン個別指導のプロ

TEX 二井原(英語パーソナルジム HIET(ヒート)/ High Intensity English Training)

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