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TEX 二井原

英検1級取得者によるオンライン個別指導のプロ

TEX 二井原(てっくすにいはら) / 英語講師

英語パーソナルジム HIET(ヒート)/ High Intensity English Training

コラム

英文法5分ドリル《 ゴールデン動詞フレーズ 》⑦

2024年6月20日

テーマ:大学入試・TOEIC・英検

コラムカテゴリ:スクール・習い事


本記事は独学・国内学習による
英検1級保持者が書きました。

《 ゴールデン動詞フレーズ 100人組手 》⑦

⑴ That accident is (   ) his carelessness.
  ① due     
  ② due to     
  ③ result from     
  ④ owe to

be 動詞があるので③④を消去。
形容詞dueは後に to をおいて
「~のせいで」
という因果関係を表し toの後が原因になる。
◆ 原 因 V 結 果
 ✰ cause
 ✰ result in
 ✰ lead to
 ✰ bring about 
 ✰ give rise to
 ✰ influence
 ✰ produce,
 ✰ generate
 ✰ create 
◆ 結 果 V 原 因
 ✰ result from
 ✰ arise from
 ✰ stem from
 ✰ derive from
 ✰ depend on
 ✰ be due to
 ✰ be owing to
 ✰ be attribute to
● cause:
Smoking can cause lung cancer.
(喫煙は肺がんの原因となる)
● result in:
Poor communication can result in misunderstandings.
(コミュニケーション不足は誤解を招く可能性がある)
● lead to:
Lack of sleep can lead to health problems.
(睡眠不足は健康問題を引き起こす可能性がある)
● bring about:
His hard work brought about positive changes in the company.
(彼の勤勉さが会社にポジティブな変化をもたらした)
● give rise to:
The new policy gave rise to protests among the employees.
(新しい政策が従業員の間で抗議を引き起こした)
● influence:
Parents' behavior can influence their children's attitudes.
(親の行動は子供の態度に影響を与えることができる。)
● produce:
The factory produces a large amount of waste.
(その工場は大量の廃棄物を生産している)
● generate:
Solar panels generate electricity from sunlight.
(太陽電池パネルは太陽光から電気を発生させる)
● create:
His actions created a lot of confusion among the team members.
(彼の行動はチームメンバーの間で多くの混乱を生み出した)
● result from:
The accident resulted from reckless driving.
(事故は無謀な運転から起こった)
● arise from:
The disagreement arose from a misunderstanding.
(意見の不一致は誤解から生じた)
● stem from:
His anxiety stems from unresolved issues from childhood.
(彼の不安は幼少期の未解決の問題から生じている)
● derive from:
Many English words derive from Latin.
(多くの英単語はラテン語に由来する)
● depend on:
Success depends on hard work and determination.
(成功は努力と決意に依存する)
● be due to:
The delay was due to bad weather.
(遅延は悪天候が原因だった)
● be owing to:
Our success is owing to the support of our customers.
(私たちの成功は顧客のサポートによるものだ)
● be attributed to:
The discovery is attributed to years of research.
(その発見は数年にわたる研究に帰することができる)
⑴ 正解 ②
「事故は彼の不注意が原因で起きた」
That accident is due to his carelessness.
The accident resulted from his negligence.
His carelessness led to that accident.
He is to blame for that accident due to his lack of caution.
That accident was caused by his reckless behavior.
His inattentiveness resulted in the accident.
That accident happened because of his lack of attention.









⑵ Her vague words (   ) rise to misunderstanding.
   ① led     
   ② generated     
   ③ caused     
   ④ gave

[原因が結果を引き起こす] 場合の表現を問う問題。
後の rise to から④を選択し,次の形を作る。
〈原因 give rise to 結果〉
⑵ 正解 ④
「彼女のあいまいな言葉が誤解を招いた」
Her vague words gave rise to misunderstanding.
Misunderstanding arose from her ambiguous words.
Her vague language led to confusion.
Confusion stemmed from her imprecise words.
Her lack of clarity caused misunderstanding.
Misinterpretation was caused by her ambiguous speech.
Her unclear words caused confusion.





⑶ This bicycle cost (   ).
   ① me $300   
   ② me for $300   
   ③ $300 to me    
   ④ to me $300

cost は SVOOの文型で「人にお金がかかる」
の意味になることから①を選択。
活用は
costーcostーcost
◆『お金がかかる』
 ✰ It costs〈人〉金額 to do
 ✰ 〈人〉pay〈金額〉for doing
 ✰ 〈モノ・コト〉cost〈人〉〈金額〉
 ✰ How much did it cost to do … ?
 ✰ 〈モノ・コト〉cost〈人〉〈犠牲〉
It cost me 1000yen to buy the book.
I paid 1000yen for buying the book.
The book cost me 1000yen.        
I bought the book for 1000yen.
その本は1000円した     
How much did it cost to buy the book ? 
その本はいくらでしたか
A moment’s hesitation may cost you your life.
一瞬のためらいで命を落とすことがある。
◆『かかる』
 ✰ It takes〈人〉〈時間・労力〉to do
 ✰ It takes〈時間・労力〉for〈人〉to do
 ✰ S take〈人〉〈時間〉
 ✰ 〈モノ・コト〉takes〈人〉〈時間〉to do
 ✰ 〈人〉spend〈時間〉doing
 ✰ 〈人〉take〈時間〉to do
 ✰ To do[Doing] … takes〈人〉〈時間〉
 ✰ How long did it take〈人〉to do … ?
It took him three years to write the book.
It took three years for him to write the book.
Writing the book took him three years.
The book took him three years to write.
He spent three years writing the book.
To write the book took me three years.
彼はその本を3年間かけて書いた。
How long did it take him to write the book ?
その本を書くのに彼はどの位かかりましたか。
⑶ 正解 ①
「この自転車は300ドルした」
This bicycle cost me $300.
This bicycle set me back $300.
I paid $300 for this bicycle.
This bicycle cost me $300.
I invested $300 in this bicycle.
I shelled out $300 for this bicycle.
I spent $300 on this bicycle.







⑷ The scene reminded me (   ) that horrible war.
   ① that     
   ② in     
   ③ of     
   ④ to

<S remind O+of+事柄/to do/that節>
の語法を問う問題。
空所の後の「恐ろしい戦争」(名詞) から of を選択。
 ✰ S remind O of N「OにNを思い出させる」
 ✰ S remind O to do「Oに~することを気づかせる」
 ✰ S remind O that節「Oに…といいうことを気づかせる」
This scent reminds me of my grandmother's house.
この香りは私に祖母の家を思い出させる。
The alarm reminded him to take his medicine.
目覚まし時計は彼に薬を飲むことを思い出させた。
He reminded us that the deadline was approaching.
彼は締め切りが近づいていることを私たちに思い出させた。
⑷ 正解 ③
「その場面を見て私はあの恐ろしい戦争を思い出した」
The scene reminded me of that horrible war.
The scene brought back memories of that awful war.
That scene made me recall that terrible war.
Memories of that horrific war were triggered by the scene.
That scene reminded me vividly of that horrible war.
The scene conjured up images of that terrifying war.
That scene evoked memories of that dreadful war.







⑸ She suddenly (   ) a good idea.
   ① hit     
   ② struck     
   ③ hit on     
   ④ struck at

strike と hit は他動詞として使われた場合
<S〈考え〉V O〈人〉> の語法。
strike at Aは「Aをなぐる」
の意味になるので不可。
動詞活用はそれぞれ,
・hitーhitーhit
・strikeーstruckーstruck
◆『思いつく』
 ✰ It occurs to 〈人〉that〈考え〉
 ✰ It strikes〈人〉that〈考え〉
 ✰ 〈人〉hit (up)on〈考え〉
 ✰ 〈人〉come up with〈考え〉
 ✰ 〈人〉hit〈考え〉
 ✰ 〈考え〉come in〈人〉’s mind
 ✰ 〈考え〉 come into〈人〉’s mind
It occurs to me that he might be ill.
It struck me that he might be ill.
もしかすると彼は病気なのかもしれないと私は思った。
I hit (up) on a wonderful idea.
すばらしい考えがひらめいた。
John came up with a good idea.
ジョンはすばらしい考えを思いついた。
I was struck by a wonderful idea.
私はすばらしい考えをふと思いついた。
A good idea occurred to her.
A good idea struck her.
She hit on a good idea.
良い考えが彼女に浮かんだ。
⑸ 正解 ③
「彼女はいいアイディアが浮かんだ」
She suddenly hit on a good idea.
She suddenly came up with a brilliant idea.
A brilliant idea suddenly occurred to her.
She had a sudden stroke of genius.
Out of the blue, she had a great idea.
Suddenly, she hit upon a brilliant idea.
She had a eureka moment with a great idea.







⑹ It never (   ) me that she would accept his proposal.
   ① occurred to    
   ② hit on    
   ③ occurred to    
   ④ hitted on

〈考え〉hit on〈人〉の語法に合わないので
occur to が入るが occur の過去形は r を重ねて
ed を付けることも確認。
◆『思い出す』
 ✰ remember
 ✰ recall
 ✰ reminisce
 ✰ recollect
 ✰ retrieve
 ✰ bring to mind
 ✰ call to mind
 ✰ reflect on
 ✰ look back on
 ✰ summon up
 ✰ think back to
 ✰ evoke memories of
 ✰ stir up memories of
 ✰ flash back to
 ✰ nostalgically remember
 ✰ rekindle memories of
 ✰ bring back memories of
 ✰ think of again
● remember:
She remembers her childhood fondly.
(彼女は幼少期を思い出しています)
● recall:
I can't recall his name at the moment.
(今、彼の名前を思い出せません)
● reminisce:
They reminisced about their college days.
(彼らは大学時代の思い出話をした)
● recollect:
He recollected the events of that day with clarity.
(彼はその日の出来事をはっきりと思い出した)
● retrieve:
She retrieved the lost files from her computer.
(彼女はコンピューターから失われたファイルを取り戻した)
bring to mind: The song brings to mind memories of my childhood.
(その歌は私の幼少期の思い出を思い出させる。)
● call to mind:
His words called to mind similar experiences I had.
(彼の言葉は私が経験した類似の経験を思い出させた)
● reflect on:
He reflected on his past mistakes.
(彼は過去の失敗を振り返った)
● look back on:
As she grew older, she enjoyed looking back on her accomplishments.
(彼女は年を取るにつれて、自分の業績を振り返るのが楽しみになった)
● summon up:
He summoned up the courage to speak in front of the crowd.
(彼は群衆の前で話す勇気を奮い起こした)
think back to: I often think back to the days when we were young.
(私はよく私たちが若かった日々を思い出す)
● evoke memories of:
The old photograph evoked memories of happier times.
(その古い写真は幸せな時代の思い出を呼び起こした)
● stir up memories of:
The smell of cookies baking stirred up memories of my grandmother's kitchen.
(クッキーの焼き香りが、祖母のキッチンの思い出を呼び起こした)
flash back to: Hearing that song made him flash back to his high school days.
(その歌を聞いて、彼は高校時代を思い出した。)
● nostalgically remember:
She nostalgically remembered her childhood friends.
(彼女は郷愁を込めて幼なじみを思い出した)
● rekindle memories of:
The sight of the old house rekindled memories of his childhood.
(その古い家の光景は、彼の幼少期の思い出を蘇らせた)
● bring back memories of:
The smell of the sea always brings back memories of summer vacations.
(海の香りはいつも夏休みの思い出を呼び起こす)
● think of again:
After his suggestion, I had to think of the problem again.
(彼の提案の後、私は問題をもう一度考えなければならなかった)
⑹ 正解 ①
「彼女が彼のプロポーズを受け入れるとは夢にも思わなかった」
It never occurred to me that she would accept his proposal.
It never crossed my mind that she would accept his proposal.
I never considered that she would accept his proposal.
The thought of her accepting his proposal never occurred to me.
It didn't occur to me that she would agree to his proposal.
I never imagined she would say yes to his proposal.
The possibility of her accepting his proposal never entered my mind.








⑺ Brown (   ) you well.
   ① matches     
   ② fits     
   ③ suits     
   ④ goes

選択肢に「合う」を意味する動詞がならんでいる。
ここは目的語 you から ①matches ④goes with を消去。
語法的にどちらも目的語に「別のモノ」が置かれる。
fit は主語となるモノのサイズが問題になるため意味が通らない。
③ suits が正解。
◆『合う』
 ✰ 〈衣服等〉fit〈人〉
   「<衣服等>の大きさが<人>に合う」
 ✰ 〈衣服等〉become/suit 〈人〉
   「<衣服等>が<人>に似合う」
 ✰ 〈物〉go with/match〈別の物〉
   「<物>が<別の物>に似合う」
This dress fits me perfectly.
(このドレスは私にぴったり合っている)
The jacket fits him well.
(そのジャケットは彼によく似合う)
The red dress becomes her.
(その赤いドレスは彼女によく似合う)
This suit suits you.
(このスーツはあなたに似合う)
This scarf goes perfectly with your coat.
(このスカーフはあなたのコートにぴったり合う)
The shoes match her purse.
(その靴は彼女の財布と合う)
⑺ 正解 ③
「茶色は君に似合う」
Brown suits you well.
Brown suits you very well.
Brown really complements your appearance.
You look great in brown.
Brown really suits your style.
Brown enhances your look.
You wear brown very nicely.






⑻ The shoes (    ) her beige dress.
   ① fit      
   ② match      
   ③ suit      
   ④ become

選択肢に「合う」の意味の動詞がならんでいる。
目的語が「モノ」なので 
① fit  
② suits
③ become
はいずれも目的語に「人」がくる語法で用いるため消去。
「(モノが別のモノ)に似合う」という語法で使えるのは
match か go with。
These shoes match your outfit perfectly.
(これらの靴はあなたの服装に完璧に合っています)
The curtains match the carpet.
(そのカーテンはカーペットとマッチしています)
This tie goes well with your shirt.
(このネクタイはあなたのシャツとよく合います)
Red wine goes with steak.
(赤ワインはステーキに合います)
⑻ 正解 ②
「その靴は彼女のベージュのドレスに似合っている」
The shoes match her beige dress.
The shoes go perfectly with her beige dress.
The shoes complement her beige dress perfectly.
Her beige dress matches the shoes perfectly.
The shoes are a perfect match for her beige dress.
Her beige dress pairs well with the shoes.
The shoes and her beige dress go together perfectly.







⑼ These gloves exactly (   ) me.
   ① fits      
   ② matched      
   ③ match      
   ④ fitted

「合う」の動詞を選択させる問題では
目的語が「人」か「モノ」かが焦点になる。
ここでは「人」なので match は不可。
fit が入るが,主語が複数なので ① fitsは不可。
④が正解となる。
The pair of glovesであれば,
現在形①,過去形④のどちらも正しい。
◆『会う』
 ✰ fit:合う
 ✰ suit:合う
 ✰ match:合う、マッチする
 ✰ go well with:良く合う
 ✰ be suitable for:に適している
 ✰ be a good fit for:にぴったり合う
 ✰ be appropriate for:に適切である
 ✰ complement:を引き立てる、補完する
 ✰ coordinate with:と調和する、一致する
 ✰ be in harmony with:と調和している
This shirt fits perfectly.
(このシャツは完璧に合っています)
This color suits you. (この色はあなたに似合います)
These shoes match my outfit.
(これらの靴は私の服装に合います)
Red wine goes well with steak.
(赤ワインはステーキとよく合います)
This room is suitable for meetings.
(この部屋は会議に適しています)
This job is a good fit for her skills.
(この仕事は彼女のスキルにぴったり合っています)
This attire is appropriate for the occasion.
(この服装はその場に適切です)
The shoes complement her outfit.
(その靴は彼女の服装を引き立てます)
The music complements the atmosphere of the restaurant.
(その音楽はレストランの雰囲気を補完します)
These colors coordinate well with each other.
(これらの色はお互いによく調和します)
Her actions are in harmony with her words.
(彼女の行動は彼女の言葉と調和しています)
⑼ 正解 ④
「この手袋はサイズが私にぴったりだった」
These gloves exactly fitted me.
These gloves fit me perfectly.
These gloves fit me just right.
These gloves are a perfect fit for me.
These gloves fit me like a glove.
These gloves are exactly my size.
These gloves fit me perfectly.








⑽ That tie doesn’t go (   ) your shirt.
   ① on       
   ② with       
   ③ out of       
   ④ through

 ① go on「~を続ける」(continue)
 ② go with A「Aと一緒に行く,と調和する」(math)
 ③ go out of A「Aから出て行く」
 ④ go through A「Aを経験する」(experience)
She went on talking even after everyone else had left the room.
(彼女は部屋を出た後も話し続けた)
The shoes go well with her dress.
(その靴は彼女のドレスとよく合っている)
He went out of the room without saying a word.
(彼は一言も言わずに部屋を出て行った)
She went through a difficult time after losing her job.
(彼女は仕事を失った後、困難な時期を経験した)
⑽ 正解 ②
「そのネクタイは君のシャツに合わない」
That tie doesn’t go with your shirt.
That tie doesn't match your shirt.
Your shirt and that tie don't go together.
That tie doesn't go well with your shirt.
Your shirt clashes with that tie.
Your shirt doesn't complement that tie.
That tie isn't a good match for your shirt.

基本英文アウトプット


「事故は彼の不注意が原因で起きた」

That accident is due to his carelessness.
The accident resulted from his negligence.
His carelessness led to that accident.
He is to blame for that accident due to his lack of caution.
That accident was caused by his reckless behavior.
His inattentiveness resulted in the accident.
That accident happened because of his lack of attention.







「彼女のあいまいな言葉が誤解を招いた」

Her vague words gave rise to misunderstanding.
Misunderstanding arose from her ambiguous words.
Her vague language led to confusion.
Confusion stemmed from her imprecise words.
Her lack of clarity caused misunderstanding.
Misinterpretation was caused by her ambiguous speech.
Her unclear words caused confusion.







「この自転車は300ドルした」

This bicycle cost me $300.
This bicycle set me back $300.
I paid $300 for this bicycle.
This bicycle cost me $300.
I invested $300 in this bicycle.
I shelled out $300 for this bicycle.
I spent $300 on this bicycle.







「その場面を見て私はあの恐ろしい戦争を思い出した」

The scene reminded me of that horrible war.
The scene brought back memories of that awful war.
That scene made me recall that terrible war.
Memories of that horrific war were triggered by the scene.
That scene reminded me vividly of that horrible war.
The scene conjured up images of that terrifying war.
That scene evoked memories of that dreadful war.








「彼女はいいアイディアが浮かんだ」

She suddenly hit on a good idea.
She suddenly came up with a brilliant idea.
A brilliant idea suddenly occurred to her.
She had a sudden stroke of genius.
Out of the blue, she had a great idea.
Suddenly, she hit upon a brilliant idea.
She had a eureka moment with a great idea.







「彼女が彼のプロポーズを受け入れるとは夢にも思わなかった」

It never occurred to me that she would accept his proposal.
It never crossed my mind that she would accept his proposal.
I never considered that she would accept his proposal.
The thought of her accepting his proposal never occurred to me.
It didn't occur to me that she would agree to his proposal.
I never imagined she would say yes to his proposal.
The possibility of her accepting his proposal never entered my mind.








「茶色は君に似合う」

Brown suits you well.
Brown suits you very well.
Brown really complements your appearance.
You look great in brown.
Brown really suits your style.
Brown enhances your look.
You wear brown very nicely.






「その靴は彼女のベージュのドレスに似合っている」

The shoes match her beige dress.
The shoes go perfectly with her beige dress.
The shoes complement her beige dress perfectly.
Her beige dress matches the shoes perfectly.
The shoes are a perfect match for her beige dress.
Her beige dress pairs well with the shoes.
The shoes and her beige dress go together perfectly.








「この手袋はサイズが私にぴったりだった」

These gloves exactly fitted me.
These gloves fit me perfectly.
These gloves fit me just right.
These gloves are a perfect fit for me.
These gloves fit me like a glove.
These gloves are exactly my size.
These gloves fit me perfectly.







「そのネクタイは君のシャツに合わない」

That tie doesn’t go with your shirt.
That tie doesn't match your shirt.
Your shirt and that tie don't go together.
That tie doesn't go well with your shirt.
Your shirt clashes with that tie.
Your shirt doesn't complement that tie.
That tie isn't a good match for your shirt.





◆ 著作権は本記事作成者に帰属します。
 本記事の無断流用、転記を禁じます。
今後も英語学習に関わる記事を発信していきます。
   

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TEX 二井原

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  4. 兵庫の大学受験・共通テスト(センター試験)
  5. TEX 二井原
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