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TEX 二井原

英検1級取得者によるオンライン個別指導のプロ

TEX 二井原(てっくすにいはら) / 英語講師

英語パーソナルジム HIET(ヒート)/ High Intensity English Training

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英文法5分ドリル《 ゴールデン動詞フレーズ 》①

2024年2月9日 公開 / 2024年2月11日更新

テーマ:大学入試・TOEIC・英検

コラムカテゴリ:スクール・習い事


本記事は独学・国内学習による
英検1級保持者が書きました。


《 ゴールデン 動詞フレーズ 100人組手 》①


⑴ I found it (   ) do the task.
  ① in difficulty to  
  ② difficult  
  ③ difficult to  
  ④ differ to

findは第5文型(SVOC)動詞で
「OをCと思う・OがCだと分かる」
it が仮目的語で不定詞でその内容を表す文構造。
◆ find
 ① S find O:Oを見つける
 ② S find O O / S find O for O:ヒトにモノをみつけてやる
 ③ S find that 節:…ということが分かる (see, understand)
 ④ S find O (to be) C:OがCだと分かる
 ⑤ S find O doing:Oが~しているのを見つける
 ⑥ S find O done:Oが~されているのを見つける
 ⑦ S find it C to do:~することはCだと分かる
 ⑧ S find it C that節:…ということはCだと分かる
① I found the key under the bed.
 (ベッドの下にかぎを見つけた)
② My uncle found me a job. My uncle found a job for me.
 (叔父は私に仕事をみつけてくれた)
③ I found (that) he was hardworking.
 (私は彼が勤勉だと分かった)
④ I found the book easy.
 (私はその本を簡単に見つけた)
⑤ I found the letter lying on the table.
 (私は手紙が机の上にあるのを見つけた)
⑥ I found my bike stolen.
 (自転車が盗まれているのを見つけた)
⑦ I found it important to save money.
  (貯金が大切だと分かった)
⑧ I found it important that I should save money.
 (貯金が大切だと分かった)
正解⑴ ③
「その仕事をするのはたいへんだった」
I found it difficult to do the task.
I found it challenging to complete the task.
I found the task to be challenging.
Completing the task proved to be difficult for me.
The task posed a challenge for me.
It was hard for me to accomplish the task.
Doing the task was tough for me.







⑵ The crying baby drove him (   ).
  ① madly    
  ② madness    
  ③ crazy    
  ④ craze

drive「駆る」も第5文型動詞
SVOC 構造で「~の状態に駆り立てる」
→「~の状態にする」
の内容を表したい。
空所には形容詞が必要だが,
madly (副), madness (名), craze (動) はいずれも消去。
なお <drive to do> は語法的に不可である。
✰ <S drive M>
 「(車を)運転する」
 He drives the car to work every day.
 (彼は毎日、車を運転して仕事に行く)
✰ <S drive O>
 「Oを運転する/ヒトを車に乗せていく」
 She drives her kids to school every morning.
 (彼女は毎朝、子供たちを学校に車で送る)
✰ <S drive O to N>
「ヒトをNに駆り立てる」
 The coach drives the team to victory with
 his motivational speeches.
 (コーチはモチベーショナルなスピーチでチームを勝利に導く)
✰ <S drive O to do>
「ヒトを駆り立てて~させる」
 His passion for music drives him to practice for hours every day.
  (彼の音楽への情熱が、彼を毎日何時間も練習させる)
⑵ 正解 ③
「彼は赤ん坊の泣き声のせいで気が変になった」
The crying baby drove him crazy.
The crying baby sent him into a frenzy.
The wailing infant made him lose his mind.
He was driven to madness by the crying baby.
The incessant crying of the baby irritated him immensely.
The baby's cries really got to him.
His sanity was tested by the crying baby.









⑶ She wants to paint the wall (   ).
  ① to be white   
  ② white    
  ③ whiten    
  ④ to white

paint はSVOで「にペンキを塗る」「を描く」
ここは目的語の後の空所から SVOC 文型になると考え,
選択肢から「壁を白く塗る」の内容になる。
空所の C は形容詞 ② white が正解。
③ whiten は動詞で「白くする」
なお,want の語法では〈want that 節は誤り〉に注意。
 ① S want O「Oを望む」
 ② S want to do「~したい」
 ③ S want O to do「Oに~してほしい」
 ④ S wan O done「Oが~されるのを望む」
 ⑤ S want doing「Oを~する必要がある」
He wants to travel around the world someday.
(彼はいつか世界中を旅行したいと思ってる)
They want their children to study hard and get good grades.
(彼らは子供たちに一生懸命勉強してよい成績を取ってほしいと願っている)
The client wants the project completed by the end of the month. (クライアントはプロジェクトの月末までの完成を望んでいる)
The house wants cleaning before the guests arrive.
(ゲストが到着する前に家が掃除される必要がある)
⑶ 正解 ②
「彼女は壁を白く塗りたがっている」
She wants to paint the wall white.
She desires the wall to be painted white.
She wishes for the wall to have a white coat of paint.
Her preference is for the wall to be painted white.
The wall is to be painted white according to her preference.
She has a desire for the wall to have a white color.
White paint is what she wants for the wall.









⑷ The president was driven (   ) by the scandal.
  ① the resignation
  ② to resign  
  ③ resigning  
  ④ to resignation

resign「辞める」
A was driven to resign
「スキャンダルによって辞めるように駆り立てられた」
という受動態になっている。
能動態で言い換えると,  
 Because of the scandal, they drove the president to resign.
正解 ⑷  ①
「大統領はスキャンダルによって辞任に追い込まれた」
The president was driven to resign by the scandal.
The scandal forced the president to step down.
The president felt compelled to resign due to the scandal.
The scandal led to the president's resignation.
The president's resignation was prompted by the scandal.
Due to the scandal, the president had no choice but to resign.
The president's resignation was driven by the scandal.








⑸ My wife and children repeatedly (   ) smoking.
  ① order not  
  ② urge me stop 
  ③ urge me to stop 
  ④ order that I should not

order, urge はいずれも〈S V O to do〉の語法を取る
行動促進動詞で〈SV that 節〉に変換可。
①,②は「~するように命じる,促す」
場合は S V O to do の形になるために不可。
④は should (not) の後に原形 が来るので不可。
なお, urge は次の形を語法的にとらない。
×<S urge to do>
×<S urge doing>
◆ urge
✰ <S urge O>
 「Oをせきたてる」
 The coach urges the players to give their best
 performance in the upcoming game.
 (コーチは選手たちに、次の試合で最高のパフォーマンス
 を発揮するようにせきたてる)
✰ <S urge O to do>
  「Oが~するようOをせきたてる」
 She urged her friend to study abroad to broaden
 her horizons.
 (彼女は友人に、視野を広げるために留学をせきたてた)
⑸正解 ③
「妻と子供たちはタバコをやめるように繰り返し私を促す」
My wife and children repeatedly urge me to stop smoking.
My wife and children constantly implore me to quit smoking.
My wife and children persistently beg me to stop smoking.
I am repeatedly urged by my wife and children to give up smoking.
There is a continuous plea from my wife and children for me to quit smoking.
My wife and children are always urging me to kick the smoking habit.
Quitting smoking is a constant request from my wife and children.








⑹ They suggested (   ) go alone.
  ① to me that I should
  ② me that I should  
  ③ me to  
  ④ me

suggest「示唆する,すすめる」
〈S suggest to+人+that節〉の語法。
〈SVO+(to) do〉の語法は取らないため③,④は消去。
②は to が無いので不適。①が正解。
suggest の語法としてthat 節内で
should doか動詞の原形をとるのはあまりにも有名。
次の点も頻出する。
☆☆〈suggest は直接(ヒト)を目的語にとれない〉☆☆
◆ suggest
✰ <S suggest doing>
  「~することを提案する」
 She suggested going to the beach for the weekend.
 (彼女は週末にビーチに行くことを提案しました。)
✰ <S suggest (to 人) that S' (should) do>
 「…するように(人に)提案する」
 He suggested to his friend that they should start
 their own business together.
 (彼は友人に一緒にビジネスを始める提案をした)
× <S suggest to do>
× <S suggest him that節>
⑹正解 ①
「彼らは私に一人で行くようにすすめた」
They suggested to me that I should go alone.
They recommended that I venture alone.
They advised me to go alone.
The suggestion was for me to embark on the journey solo.
It was suggested to me that I should travel alone.
Going alone was the recommendation they gave me.
They proposed that I go by myself.









⑺ I hope (   ) come back soon.
  ① for Mary  
  ② for Mary to  
  ③ to Mary  
  ④ Mary to

hope は〈S V for 人 to do〉の語法をとる。
言い換えると,
 I hope (that) Mary will come back soon.
なお,hopeは後に名詞をとるとき,
第1文型動詞として前置詞 for が必要。
これは hope が that節をとれるだけに盲点。
 We hope a good crop this year.
  (我々は今年豊作になればよいと思っている)
さらに〈hope O to do〉の語法は無い点も重要。
この語法は want/wish と絡めてよく焦点となる。

 ○ He wish (that) you would come.
 ○ He hope (that) you would come.
 × I want (that) you will come.
 
 ○ I wish to come.
 〇 I hope to come.
 ○ I want to go.
 
 ○ I wish you to come.
 × I hope you to dome.
 ○ I want you to come.

【結論】

 ✰ wish には <SV doing>の語法がない !  
 ✰ hope には <SVO to do>の語法がない !
 ✰ want には <SV that節>の語法がない !

⑺ 正解 ②
「私はメアリーにすぐ戻って欲しいと思っている」
I hope for Mary to come back soon.
I eagerly await Mary's swift return.
I am hopeful for Mary to return soon.
I am looking forward to Mary's prompt return.
I anticipate Mary coming back soon.
I await Mary's speedy return.
Mary's swift return is what I hope for.








⑻ She (   ) her mother to buy the refrigerator.
  ① proposed    
  ② suggested    
  ③ demanded    
  ④ asked

空所の後の構造から〈SVO to do〉動詞が問われている。
propose, suggest, demand
はいずれもこの語法を取ることがない。
④ asked が正解だが〈ask 人 to do〉では「を尋ねる」
でなく「Oが~するように頼む」という〈行動促進動詞〉。
◆ tell
 ① S tell M:知らせる・影響する
 ② S tell O:~を伝える
 ③ S tell O O/tell O to O:ヒトにモノゴトを伝える
 ④ S tell O to do:ヒトに~するように言う,命じる
 ⑤ S tell O not to doヒトに~しないように言う,命じる
 ⑥ S tell O that節:ヒトに~と言う,伝える
 ⑦ S tell O from A:OをAと区別する
① Hard work is telling on him.
 (重労働が彼にこたえてきている)
② Don’t tell (me) a lie.
 (嘘をつくな)
③ Tell me the truth. Tell truth to me.
 (真実を話せ)
④ The teacher told them to clean the classroom.
 (先生は彼らに教室を掃除するように命じた)
⑤ He told me not to enter his room.
 (部屋に入るなと彼は私に言った)
⑥ He told me that he was sick.
 (具合が悪いと彼は私に言った)
⑦ I can’t tell Marry he twin sister.
 (メアリーと双子の妹の見分けがつかない)   
⑻正解 ④
「彼女は母親にその冷蔵庫を買ってくれるように頼んだ」
She asked her mother to buy the refrigerator.
She requested her mother to purchase the refrigerator.
She asked her mother to buy the refrigerator.
Her request to her mother was to acquire the refrigerator.
She urged her mother to procure the refrigerator.
She asked her mother to get the refrigerator.
Her mother was requested to buy the refrigerator by her.









⑼ The boy were (  ) that they should consult him.
  ① suggested    
  ② told    
  ③ said    
  ④ demanded

suggest, say, demand は〈S V O to do〉
の語法を取れそうで取れない動詞。
例えば tell O to do「Oに~するように言う」
だからsay O to doと言えそうだけど言えない。
これは動詞の原義がそれぞれ,
 tell〈人〉〈内容〉「(人に内容)を言う」
 say〈内容〉「(内容)を言う」
であることに起因する。
suggest, say, demand はthat節が続いている場合には
〈S V to A that節〉の語法で用いて
「Aに」は to A になり,動詞の目的語にならない。
よって文法的に受動態は不成立。
tellは〈S V O that節〉の語法を取れるので受動態が可。
tell は基本用法が第4文型 SVOO である。
She suggested to her boss that they
should invest in new technology.
(彼女は上司に新技術への投資をすべきだと提案した)
The manager said to the team that
they needed to work overtime to meet the deadline.
(マネージャーはチームに締め切りに間に合わせるために
残業する必要があると言った)
The protesters demanded to the government
that they take immediate action to address the issue.
(抗議者たちは政府に、問題を解決するために即座に行動
を取るよう要求した)
⑼正解 ②
「少年たちは彼に相談するように言われた」
The boy were told that they should consult him.
The boys were instructed to seek his advice.
They were told to consult him.
It was advised to the boys to ask him for guidance.
They were instructed to seek his counsel.
Seeking his advice was recommended to the boys.
The boys were told to turn to him for advice.









⑽ He insisted (   ) piano lessons.
  ① that she takes  
  ② on her to take  
  ③ her to take  
  ④ on her taking

insist の語法を確認。「~するように要求する」は
〈insist on doing〉〈insist that節〉の語法で用いるが,
〈S V O to do〉は取れないから③は失格。
②は on の後に to 不定詞がきているので消去。
that節をもってくる場合は〈that S’ (should) do〉
と動詞の原形を用いるので④が正解。
⑽正解 ④
「彼は彼女のピアノのレッスンを受けるべきだと主張した」
He insisted on her taking piano lessons.
He was adamant about her taking piano lessons.
He insisted that she take piano lessons.
He was firm in his belief that she should learn piano.
Taking piano lessons was something he was insistent about for her.
He was unwavering in his demand for her to take piano lessons.
He was determined that she take up piano lessons.


アウトプット基本英文


「その仕事をするのはたいへんだった」

I found it difficult to do the task.
I found it challenging to complete the task.
I found the task to be challenging.
Completing the task proved to be difficult for me.
The task posed a challenge for me.
It was hard for me to accomplish the task.
Doing the task was tough for me.






「彼は赤ん坊の泣き声のせいで気が変になった」

The crying baby drove him crazy.
The crying baby sent him into a frenzy.
The wailing infant made him lose his mind.
He was driven to madness by the crying baby.
The incessant crying of the baby irritated him immensely.
The baby's cries really got to him.
His sanity was tested by the crying baby.







「彼女は壁を白く塗りたがっている」

She wants to paint the wall white.
She desires the wall to be painted white.
She wishes for the wall to have a white coat of paint.
Her preference is for the wall to be painted white.
The wall is to be painted white according to her preference.
She has a desire for the wall to have a white color.
White paint is what she wants for the wall.







「大統領はスキャンダルによって辞任に追い込まれた」

The president was driven to resign by the scandal.
The scandal forced the president to step down.
The president felt compelled to resign due to the scandal.
The scandal led to the president's resignation.
The president's resignation was prompted by the scandal.
Due to the scandal, the president had no choice but to resign.
The president's resignation was driven by the scandal.








「妻と子供たちはタバコをやめるように繰り返し私を促す」

My wife and children repeatedly urge me to stop smoking.
My wife and children constantly implore me to quit smoking.
My wife and children persistently beg me to stop smoking.
I am repeatedly urged by my wife and children to give up smoking.
There is a continuous plea from my wife and children for me to quit smoking.
My wife and children are always urging me to kick the smoking habit.
Quitting smoking is a constant request from my wife and children.







「彼らは私に一人で行くようにすすめた」

They suggested to me that I should go alone.
They recommended that I venture alone.
They advised me to go alone.
The suggestion was for me to embark on the journey solo.
It was suggested to me that I should travel alone.
Going alone was the recommendation they gave me.
They proposed that I go by myself.








「私はメアリーにすぐ戻って欲しいと思っている」

I hope for Mary to come back soon.
I eagerly await Mary's swift return.
I am hopeful for Mary to return soon.
I am looking forward to Mary's prompt return.
I anticipate Mary coming back soon.
I await Mary's speedy return.
Mary's swift return is what I hope for.







「彼女は母親にその冷蔵庫を買ってくれるように頼んだ」

She asked her mother to buy the refrigerator.
She requested her mother to purchase the refrigerator.
She asked her mother to buy the refrigerator.
Her request to her mother was to acquire the refrigerator.
She urged her mother to procure the refrigerator.
She asked her mother to get the refrigerator.
Her mother was requested to buy the refrigerator by her.







「少年たちは彼に相談するように言われた」

The boy were told that they should consult him.
The boys were instructed to seek his advice.
They were told to consult him.
It was advised to the boys to ask him for guidance.
They were instructed to seek his counsel.
Seeking his advice was recommended to the boys.
The boys were told to turn to him for advice.







「彼は彼女のピアノのレッスンを受けるべきだと主張した」

He insisted on her taking piano lessons.
He was adamant about her taking piano lessons.
He insisted that she take piano lessons.
He was firm in his belief that she should learn piano.
Taking piano lessons was something he was insistent about for her.
He was unwavering in his demand for her to take piano lessons.
He was determined that she take up piano lessons.





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TEX 二井原

英検1級取得者によるオンライン個別指導のプロ

TEX 二井原(英語パーソナルジム HIET(ヒート)/ High Intensity English Training)

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