英検1級道場－天国の伴侶と共に今日の英検1級2次面接を受けてきました
今日、5月3日は憲法記念日
1946年11月3日 Promulgated
1947年5月3日 Came into effect
あまり認識されていないと考えられるポイントを挙げてみました
■日本国憲法は「明治憲法の修正版」であるとの記述がある
■第11章まであり、103条ある（下記参照）
■制定に関して反対投票した政党が一つだけある
日本共産党
第1章の天皇制（民主主義に反する）と、第2章の戦争の放棄（国民の生命・財産・安全を守る軍隊を持たないのは国ではない）は認められないと国会で強硬に反対した記録が残っている
■平和憲法の象徴である「戦争の放棄」は第2章には9条の1条項しかない
■制定されてから80年近くたつが、一言一句も修正されておらず、世界でも珍しい存在
■下記が「前文」の英文
Promulgated on November 3, 1946
Came into effect on May 3, 1947
We, the Japanese people, acting through our duly elected representatives in the National Diet, determined that we shall secure for ourselves and our posterity the fruits of peaceful cooperation with all nations and the blessings of liberty throughout this land, and resolved that never again shall we be visited with the horrors of war through the action of government, do proclaim that sovereign power resides with the people and do firmly establish this Constitution. Government is a sacred trust of the people, the authority for which is derived from the people, the powers of which are exercised by the representatives of the people, and the benefits of which are enjoyed by the people. This is a universal principle of mankind upon which this Constitution is founded. We reject and revoke all constitutions, laws, ordinances, and rescripts in conflict herewith.
We, the Japanese people, desire peace for all time and are deeply conscious of the high ideals controlling human relationship, and we have determined to preserve our security and existence, trusting in the justice and faith of the peace-loving peoples of the world. We desire to occupy an honored place in an international society striving for the preservation of peace, and the banishment of tyranny and slavery, oppression and intolerance for all time from the earth. We recognize that all peoples of the world have the right to live in peace, free from fear and want.
We believe that no nation is responsible to itself alone, but that laws of political morality are universal; and that obedience to such laws is incumbent upon all nations who would sustain their own sovereignty and justify their sovereign relationship with other nations.
We, the Japanese people, pledge our national honor to accomplish these high ideals and purposes with all our resources.
■下記が第2章・9条 たったのこれだけ
CHAPTER II RENUNCIATION OF WAR
Article 9.
Aspiring sincerely to an international peace based on justice and order, the Japanese people forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as means of settling international disputes.
In order to accomplish the aim of the preceding paragraph, land, sea, and air forces, as well as other war potential, will never be maintained. The right of belligerency of the state will not be recognized.
■下記が日本国憲法の構成
CHAPTER I THE EMPEROR Article 1～8
CHAPTER II RENUNCIATION OF WAR Article 9
CHAPTER III RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE PEOPLE Article 10～40
CHAPTER IV THE DIET Article 41～64
CHAPTER V THE CABINET Article 65～75
CHAPTER VI JUDICIARY Article 76～82
CHAPTER VII FINANCE Article 83～91
CHAPTER VIII LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT Article 92～95
CHAPTER IX AMENDMENTS Article 96.
CHAPTER X SUPREME LAW Article 97～99
CHAPTER XI SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS Article 100～103
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