英検2級・大学入試《英単語フロージョン》⑨
本記事は独学・国内学習による
英検1級保持者が書きました。
文語、口語の両方から使用頻度が高い表現を厳選しています。
問題難易度の目安としては、
GMARCH、英検2級、TOEIC500~600
等の対策として有効です。
ライティング・スピーキングを目的とした場合、
英検1級対策として極めて有効になります。
《 重要表現&句動詞 100人組手 ③ 》
021
They played soccer ( ) the rain.
① although
② but
③ instead
④ in spite of
▸ in spite of A「Aにもかかわらず」
① although は〈接続詞〉で後に S V が無いので不可。
『Aにもかかわらず』
✰ for all A
✰ with all A
✰ despite A
✰ notwithstanding A
✰ in spite of A
正解 ④
「雨が降っていたにも関わらず,彼らはサッカーをした」
They played soccer in spite of the rain.
Despite the rain, they played soccer.
Rain notwithstanding, they played soccer.
They played soccer despite the inclement weather.
In the face of the rain, they played soccer.
Despite the adverse weather conditions, they played soccer.
022
He tried to learn French but soon got tired ( ) it and gave up.
① in
② of
③ out
④ to
▸ get tired of A「Aにうんざりする」
肉体的疲労を言いたい場合は普通,be tired from Aとする。
『Aにうんざりしている』
✰ be sick of A
✰ be weary of A
✰ be tired of A
✰ be fed up with A
✰ be through with A
正解 ②
「彼はフランス語を習得しようとしたが,すぐに飽きてやめてしまった」
He tried to learn French but soon got tired of it and gave up.
He attempted to learn French but quickly grew weary and abandoned it.
He made an effort to learn French but soon became fatigued and quit.
He endeavored to learn French but rapidly lost interest and surrendered.
He aspired to learn French but rapidly became disinterested and resigned.
He aimed to learn French but rapidly became exhausted and relinquished it.
023
Will you help me to ( ) my purse? I can't find it.
① look after
② look for
③ look on
④ look out
▸ look for A「Aを探す」
◆『探求』
✰ look for A:Aを探す
✰ look to A for B:Aに頼ってBを求める
✰ look forward to A:Aを楽しみに待つ
正解 ②
「財布を捜すのを手伝ってくれませんか。見つからないのです」
Will you help me to look for my purse? I can’t find it.
Can you assist me in searching for my purse? I can't locate it.
Would you mind helping me search for my purse? I seem to have misplaced it.
Could you lend me a hand in finding my purse? It appears to be missing.
Will you aid me in looking for my purse? I seem to have misplaced it.
Can you give me a hand in searching for my purse? I can't seem to find it.
024
Apart ( ) his parents, no one knows him well.
① by
② to
③ with
④ from
▸ apart from A「Aを別にして」
(=aside from A)
◆『分離』
✰ apart from A:Aを別にして
✰ keep from A:AをBに近づけない
✰ far from A: 決してAではない
✰ be free from A:Aから解放されている
✰ recover from A:Aから回復する
✰ keep away [stay away] from A:Aに近づかない
✰ be absent from A:Aを欠席している
正解 ④
「彼の両親は別にして,誰も彼のことをよく知らない」
Apart from his parents, no one knows him well.
Besides his parents, nobody knows him well.
Other than his parents, he is not well-known.
Save for his parents, nobody knows him well.
Excluding his parents, nobody knows him well.
Aside from his parents, nobody knows him well.
025
I don’t like those people who see life ( ) dollars and cents.
① in terms of
② in spite of
③ in case of
④ in need of
▸ in terms of A「Aの点から・Aによって」
in は〔枠〕から "判断材料" "考慮" の〔範囲限定〕
◆『考慮・観点』
✰ in terms of A:Aの観点から
✰ in the light of A:Aを考慮して
✰ in view of A:Aを考慮して
正解 ①
「私は人生をお金の観点で考える人を好きではない」
I don’t like those people who see life in terms of dollars and cents.
I dislike individuals who view life solely in monetary terms.
I have an aversion to those who perceive life as nothing but dollars and cents.
Those who see life in monetary terms are not to my liking.
People who only see life through the lens of money do not appeal to me.
Individuals who view life purely in terms of financial gain are not my cup of tea.
026
It is difficult to keep ( ) with the news unless you read the newspapers.
① from
② off
③ out
④ up
▸ keep up with A「Aに遅れずについて行く」
この up は原義〔出現〕から〔活動〕→〔接近〕を表す。
同義表現としては、
✰ keep pace with A
✰ keep abreast with A
✰ stay abreast of A
✰ keep in step with A
✰ keep track of A without falling behind
◆ 『接近』
✰ catch up with A:Aに追いつく
✰ keep up with A:Aに遅れずについていく
✰ (be) up to date:最新の
✰ live up to A:(期待など)に添う
正解 ④
「新聞を読まなければ,報道についていくのは難しい」
It is difficult to keep up with the news unless you read the newspapers.
Keeping up with the news is challenging unless you read newspapers.
Staying informed is tough unless one reads newspapers regularly.
Unless you read newspapers, staying updated with the news is challenging.
Without reading newspapers, it's hard to stay abreast of the news.
Keeping pace with the news requires reading newspapers regularly.
027
He intends to devote his life ( ) the sick in Africa.
① to cure
② curing
③ for curing
④ to curing
▸ devote A to B「AをBに捧げる」
この場合の to は前置詞なので① to cure は不可。
✰ devote oneself to A「Aに専念する」
✰ devote one's life: 生涯をささげる
✰ devote oneself to a career: キャリアに身を捧げる
✰ devote oneself to a hobby: 趣味に身を捧げる
devote を用いた重要表現としては他に
✰ devote time: 時間を割く
✰ devote oneself to: ~に身を捧げる
✰ devote energy: エネルギーを注ぐ
✰ devote resources: 資源を充てる
✰ devote attention: 注意を向ける
✰ devote effort: 努力を払う
正解 ④
「彼はアフリカの病人の治療に自分の一生を捧げるつもりだ」
He intends to devote his life to curing the sick in Africa.
He plans to dedicate his life to healing the sick in Africa.
His intention is to commit his life to curing the sick in Africa.
He aspires to devote his life to treating the ill in Africa.
He aims to dedicate his life to helping the sick in Africa.
His goal is to devote his life to curing the sick in Africa.
028
Please ( ) smoking in this room.
① keep to
② go out of
③ refrain from
④ obey
▸ refrain from A「Aを差し控える」
from は元来,動作・運動の〔起点〕でこれは〔分離〕と表裏一体。
〔分離〕は〔隔たり〕〔相違〕につながる。
「切り離す」イメージからさらに〔解放〕〔妨害〕
へと意味的展開が生じる。
◆ 『妨害・禁止』
✰ stop A from doing:Aが ~ するのを妨げる
✰ hinder A from doing:Aが ~ するのを妨げる
✰ refrain from doing:~ するのを慎む
✰ keep from doing:~ しないでおく
✰ prevent A from doing:Aをするのを妨げる
✰ keep A from doing:Aに ~ させないでおく
✰ prohibit A from doing:Aが ~ するのを禁止する
正解 ③
「この部屋での禁煙はできません」
Please refrain from smoking in this room.
Kindly abstain from smoking in this room.
I would appreciate it if you didn't smoke in this room.
Please avoid smoking in this room.
Smoking is prohibited in this room, so please refrain.
I kindly request that you refrain from smoking in this room.
029
She is in ( ) of selling tickets.
① work
② debt
③ care
④ charge
▸ in charge of A
「Aに対して責任を持つ」
この inは〔状態〕,chargeは「世話,管理」の意。
cf.) take charge of A「Aを引き受ける」
『Aに対して責任を負う』
✰ in charge of A
✰ responsible for A
✰ tasked with A
✰ responsible for overseeing A
✰ handling A
✰ overseeing A
✰ managing A
✰ leading A
✰ having control over A
✰ having authority over A
✰ having responsibility for A
正解 ④
「彼女はチケット販売の責任者だ」
She is in charge of selling tickets.
She oversees ticket sales.
Ticket sales are under her control.
She manages the sale of tickets.
Selling tickets is her responsibility.
She is responsible for handling ticket sales.
030
I was ( ) by his good looks and gracious manners.
① attracted
② deceived
③ impressed
④ tired
▸ in charge of A
「Aに対して責任を持つ」
この in は〔状態〕,chargeは「世話,管理」の意。
cf.) take charge of A「Aを引き受ける」
『Aに対して責任を持つ』
✰ take in A
✰ responsible for A
✰ overseeing A
✰ managing A
✰ leading A
✰ handling A
✰ supervising A
✰ accountable for A
✰ heading A
✰ taking charge of A
✰ directing A
✰ running A
✰ having authority over A
✰ controlling A
✰ in control of A
✰ heading up A
✰ guiding A
✰ taking the lead on A
✰ in command of A
✰ presiding over A
✰ at the helm of A
正解 ②
「彼の美貌と礼儀正しい身のこなしに,私は騙された」
I was deceived by his good looks and gracious manners.
His good looks and gracious manners led me to be deceived.
I fell for his good looks and gracious manners.
His charming appearance and polite demeanor tricked me.
I was misled by his handsome appearance and polite behavior.
His attractive appearance and courteous behavior deceived me.
《音読基本英文》
「彼女は鳥や花に熱中している」
She is keen on birds and flowers.
She has a strong interest in birds and flowers.
She has a passion for birds and flowers.
Birds and flowers are her passion.
She is enthusiastic about birds and flowers.
Birds and flowers fascinate her.
She is deeply interested in birds and flowers.
「彼女が何をしようとしているかはっきりとは知りません」
I do not know for certain what she is going to do.
I'm not entirely sure about her plans.
I'm uncertain about what she's going to do.
I'm not completely confident about her intentions.
Her future actions are unclear to me.
I lack certainty regarding her upcoming actions.
I'm not entirely confident about her future plans.
「君を誤解していたのかも知れないと思っています」
It occurs to me that I may have misunderstood you.
I suddenly realize that I might have misunderstood you.
It has just occurred to me that I may have misinterpreted you.
I've just had the thought that I could have misunderstood you.
I've just come to the realization that I might have misunderstood you.
It just occurred to me that I might not have understood you correctly.
I've just realized that I could have misread your intentions.
「彼は全教科上手くいったが,とりわけ数学が上手くいった」
He did well in all subjects and, above all, in mathematics.
He excelled in all subjects, especially in mathematics.
He performed exceptionally well in all subjects, particularly in mathematics.
He did exceptionally well in all subjects, with mathematics being his standout performance.
He achieved outstanding results in all subjects, but particularly in mathematics.
He was outstanding in all subjects, but mathematics was his strongest area.
He did brilliantly in all subjects, and mathematically, he was exceptional.
「ジェニーから便りがあれば,私が会いたいことを彼女に伝えてくれませんか」
If you hear from Jenny, could you tell her I’d like to see her?
If you happen to hear from Jenny, could you let her know I'd like to see her?
If Jenny happens to get in touch, could you pass on that I'd like to see her?
Should Jenny contact you, could you inform her I'd like to meet up?
In case Jenny reaches out, could you convey my desire to meet with her?
Should Jenny happen to contact you, could you tell her I'm interested in meeting?
If you receive any word from Jenny, could you relay that I'm eager to see her?
「彼がはるばる私に会いにやって来てくれたことに,私は感謝の意を述べた」
I thanked him for taking the trouble to come all the way to see me.
I expressed my gratitude to him for making the effort to come all the way to see me.
I thanked him for going to the trouble of coming all the way to see me.
I showed my appreciation to him for the effort he made to visit me.
I extended my thanks to him for the inconvenience he went through to visit me.
I appreciated him taking the trouble to come all the way to see me.
I conveyed my thanks to him for going out of his way to visit me.
「君の不注意によって起こった事故に対して,私に責任を負わせるつもりですか」
Do you expect me to answer for the accident caused through your negligence?
Do you hold me responsible for the accident caused by your negligence?
Are you expecting me to take responsibility for the accident caused by your negligence?
Do you anticipate me being accountable for the accident resulting from your negligence?
Are you assuming that I should answer for the accident caused by your negligence?
Do you believe I should be held accountable for the accident caused by your negligence?
Are you implying that I am to blame for the accident caused by your negligence?
「この決定により,二国間の友好関係が生まれることを望みます」
I hope that this decision will make for friendly relations between the two countries.
I hope that this decision will lead to friendly relations between the two countries.
I hope that this decision will contribute to fostering friendly relations between the two countries.
I hope that this decision will pave the way for friendly relations between the two countries.
I hope that this decision will result in improved relations between the two countries.
I hope that this decision will promote friendly relations between the two countries.
I hope that this decision will bring about positive relations between the two countries.
「私は,ストライキのために,旅行を中止しなければならなかった」
I had to cancel my trip on account of the strike.
I had to cancel my trip because of the strike.
I had to call off my trip due to the strike.
The strike forced me to cancel my trip.
I was compelled to cancel my trip because of the strike.
Because of the strike, I had to abandon my plans for the trip.
I had no choice but to cancel my trip because of the strike.
「私は君の兄をたいへん高く評価しています」
I’ve got a very high opinion of your brother.
I hold your brother in very high regard.
I have a very high opinion of your brother.
Your brother is highly esteemed by me.
Your brother is held in high esteem by me.
I think very highly of your brother.
Your brother has my utmost respect.
要点整理〔前置詞〕
for
This train is bound for Osaka.
This building is designed for people in wheelchairs.
Are you for or against my plan?
We worked for our living.
You can buy the paperback for about five dollars.
She looks young for her age.
London is famous for its fog.
She stayed there for three days.
この列車は大阪行きです。(方向・目的地)
この建物は車椅子の人々のために作られています。(追求・目的)
あなたは私の計画に賛成ですか、それとも反対ですか。(賛成)
私たちは私たちの生活のために働いた。(追求・目的)
あなたは約5ドルでそのペーパーバックを買うことができます。(等価・交換)
彼女は年のわりに若く見える。(観点)
ロンドンは霧で有名です。(理由)
彼女は3日間そこに滞在していた。(不特定期間)
from
1. I come from Canada.
2. Plastic is made from petroleum.
3. He is quite different from what he looks.
私はカナダ出身です。(出身)
プラスチックは石油から作られます。(原料)
彼はまったく見かけとは違います。(区別)
of
Our city is 30 kilometers north of Tokyo.
They were deprived of their political rights.
This house is made of wood.
While sleeping, he died of heart attack.
This book is of great use to those who want to know a lot about Japan.
Do you believe in the existence of God?
We were all impressed by her love of her children.
There is no hope ofus winning this game.
私たちの町は東京の北30 kmにあります。(分離)
彼らは政治的権利を奪われた。(分離→除去)
この家は木造です。(材料)
睡眠中、彼は心臓発作で死亡した。(原因)
日本について多くを知りたいという人にとって、この本は大いに役立ちます。(of+抽象名詞)
あなたは神の存在を信じますか。(主格)
彼女の子供へに対する愛情に私たちはみな感動した。(目的格)
私たちがこの試合に勝つという望みは無い。(同格)
to
He drove me to the station.
I usually go to and from the office by bus.
This is the key to Room 202.
They were moved to tears.
To our joy, our son returned safe.
I was caught in a shower and wet to the skin.
彼は私を駅まで車で送ってくれた。(方向・到達)
私はたいていバスで仕事場へ行き来する。(方向・到達)
これは202号室の鍵です。(一致)
彼らは感動して涙を流した。(結果)
喜ばしいことに、私たちの息子は無事に帰ってきた。(to one’s+感情を表す名詞)
私はにわか雨に会い、ずぶぬれになった。(程度)
with
He brought an umbrella with him.
She cut meat with a knife.
The leaves turned yellow with the coming of autumn.
He sat there with his legs crossed.
I have nothing to do with the matter.
The poor child was shivering with cold.
彼は傘を持っていた。(所有)
彼女はナイフで肉を切った。(道具)
秋の到来とともに、木々の葉っぱが黄色くなった。(同時)
彼は脚を組んでそこにすわっていた。(付帯状況)
私はその件とは関係がありません。(関連)
その哀れな子供は寒さで震えていた。(原因)
under
My brother is lying under the table.
Our school building is under construction.
You are under arrest.
1. 弟はテーブルの下に横たわっています。(離れた下)
2. 私たちの校舎は建築中です。(行為の過程)
3. あなたを逮捕します。(支配)
over
The plane flew over the island.
We had a chat over a cup of coffee.
1. その飛行機はその島の上空を飛んだ。(離れた上)
2. 私たちはコーヒーを飲みながらおしゃべりをした。(従事)
below
There is a waterfall below this bridge.
The sun sank below the horizon.
1 この橋の下流に滝がある。(地理的な下)
2 太陽は地平線の下に沈んだ。(基準線より下)
above
The top of Mt. Fuji was seen above the clouds.
Jack lives in the room above us.
She is above telling a lie.
1. 富士山の頂上は雲の上に見えた。(離れた上)
2 ジャックは私たちの上の部屋に住んでいます。(離れた上)
3 彼女は決して嘘をつない。(超越)
through
This train will go through a long tunnel.
Those stores are open through the night.
I don't really think I'll get through the exam this summer.
He failed the business through laziness.
1 この列車は長いトンネルを通るでしょう。(貫通)
2 あれらの店は夜通し開いています。(全過程)
3 あれらの店は夜通し開いています。(全過程)
4 彼は怠慢さのためにその仕事に失敗した。(理由)
beyond
My house is just beyond that river.
His idea is beyond my comprehension.
This job is beyond me.
1 私の家はちょうどあの川を越えたところにある。(位置)
2 彼の考えは私の理解を超えている。(範囲外)
3 この仕事は私にはできない。(範囲外)
along
Go straight along this street.
Let’s proceed along the lines I suggested.
1 この通りに沿ってまっすぐ行きなさい。(空間的)
2 私が示した方針に従って進みましょう。(比喩的)
across
We saw a dog swim across the river.
My house is just across the street.
1 私たちは犬がその川を泳いで渡るのを見た。(平面的なものを横切って)
2 私の家はちょうどその通りの向かいがわにあります。(平面的なものの向こう)
among / between
This sport is popular among young people.
This train runs between Tokyo and Hakata.
1 このスポーツは若者たちに人気があります。(3者以上)
2 この列車は東京と博多の間を走ります。(2者間)
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